Issue 3 (199)/2024

ABSTRACT

Triticale is an important source of protein in animal nutrition, both as grain and silage. Protein is a quality criterion that is strongly affected by the environment and genetic factors. The objectives of this study were to assess genotype–environment (G-E) interactions and determine and compare stable genotypes to recommend for further evaluation. The protein content of 12 genotypes obtained from 7 environments were evaluated using additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis in the 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 growing seasons in 4 locations in Turkey. The variance of AMMI analysis based on protein content showed a significant effect of environment, genotype and G–E interaction, with a 93.0, 2.3 and 4.5% total variation, respectively. Partitioning of the total sum of squares showed that the effect of environment was a predominant source of variation, followed by the G–E interaction and genotype effect. AMMI analysis showed that the first principal component was highly significant at P < 0.01. The mean grain protein content varied from 14.9 to 16.2% among the genotypes and from 10.9 to 18.8% among the environments. AMMI analysis indicated that G3, G12 and G1 were quite promising genotypes. G8, which was used as a variety candidate in this research, was quite stable but had a low protein value. In addition, G3, G11 and G12 had a higher protein content than the standard varieties evaluated in this research. G3 had both a high protein content and stable genotype; therefore, it can be recommended to release as a candidate. As AMMI analysis indicated, E1 and E7 environments were especially suitable for protein studies in triticale, while E4, E5 and E6 showed poor results and were not suitable environments.

Keywords:

AMMI; location; protein content; triticale.

CITE

ALSE and ACS Style
Kendal, E. Protein content stability of triticale genotypes under multiple environments using AMMI analysis. Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 2024, 57, 359-370.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573141

AMA Style
Kendal E. Protein content stability of triticale genotypes under multiple environments using AMMI analysis. Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment. 2024; 57 (3): 359-370.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573141

Chicago/Turabian Style
Kendal, Enver. 2024. “Protein content stability of triticale genotypes under multiple environments using AMMI analysis” Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 57, no. 3: 359-370.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573141

ABSTRACT

A field trial was initiated to ascertain the optimal sowing date for five distinct sunflower cultivars in Turkey’s Mardin Province. The trial scrutinised various parameters including plant height, head diameter, seed yield, protein content, oil content and oil yield. The first sowing produced the highest seed yields (3484 kg ha⁻¹), with the Şems (3255 kg ha⁻¹) and Zuhat (3157 kg ha⁻¹) cultivars producing the highest values. The highest overall oil content was achieved in the second sowing (31.7%) and in the Zuhat cultivar (34.6%). The highest mean oil yields were observed in the Zuhat cultivar (1096 kg ha⁻¹) and in the first sowing (1084 kg ha⁻¹). There was a general decrease in yield as the sowing date was delayed. Winter sowing is suggested for the Zuhat cultivar. If possible, the second sunflower crop should be sown shortly following the harvest of the main crop.

Keywords:

cultivar; oil content; protein content; sunflower; sowing date; yield.

CITE

ALSE and ACS Style
İzgi, M.N.; Çil, A.; Çil, A.N. Yield and quality characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars with different sowing dates. Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 2024, 57, 371-384.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573142

AMA Style
İzgi MN, Çil A, Çil AN. Yield and quality characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars with different sowing dates. Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment. 2024; 57 (3): 371-384.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573142

Chicago/Turabian Style
İzgi, Mehmet Necat, Abdullah Çil, and Ayşe Nuran Çil. 2024. “Yield and quality characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars with different sowing dates” Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 57, no. 3: 371-384.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573142

ABSTRACT

A hydroponic experiment was conducted at the Precision and Automated Agriculture Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, from April to August 2023. The objective was to investigate the morphological and physiological responses of maize to varying nitrogen sources and stress levels in hydroponic systems. The experiment comprised three nitrogen treatments: CN (100% chemical nitrogen as 2 mM NH₄NO₃), ON (100% organic nitrogen as 4 mM glycine), and LN (low nitrogen as 10% of 2 mM NH₄NO₃ chemical nitrogen solution). The popular maize variety NH7720 (marketed by Syngenta Bangladesh Limited) was used. The experiments followed a completely randomised design with three replications. The CN treatment consistently outperformed the ON and LN treatments in various growth-related parameters, including plant height (72.73 cm), leaf area (295.54 cm²), shoot dry weight (0.65 g/plant), total chlorophyll content (3.11 mg/g), and shoot (11.06%) and root (10.82%) protein content, indicating that adequate nitrogen treatment stimulated strong growth and development in maize plants. Conversely, the LN treatment exhibited a superior shoot-to-root ratio (85.43%), proline accumulation (188.01 µg/g), number of root tips (21.25), root length (31.65 cm), root network area (619.10 cm²), root diameter (5.63 mm), root volume (13944.71 mm³), and root surface area (3705.51 mm²). These results suggest that under nitrogen-deficient conditions, maize plants allocate resources to root development and stress tolerance mechanisms. The organic nitrogen (ON) treatment showed intermediate results, being statistically similar to both the CN and LN treatments across a range of characteristics, suggesting that organic nitrogen or glycine might be less effective than chemical nitrogen or ammonium nitrate in promoting optimal maize growth.

Keywords:

hydroponic experiment; maize; morphological adaptation; nitrogen stress; physiological adaptation.

CITE

ALSE and ACS Style
Rahman, S.M.A.; Momen, B.H.; Tanvir, R.R.; Biswas, B.; Yasmin, N.M.; Khan, T.A.; Islam, M.R. Morphological and physiological responses of maize to varying nitrogen sources and stress levels in hydroponic systems: a comparative study. Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 2024, 57, 385-401.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573143

AMA Style
Rahman SMA, Momen BH, Tanvir RR, Biswas B, Yasmin NM, Khan TA, Islam MR. Morphological and physiological responses of maize to varying nitrogen sources and stress levels in hydroponic systems: a comparative study. Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment. 2024; 57 (3): 385-401.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573143

Chicago/Turabian Style
Rahman, İ.S.M., Abidur, Billal Hossain Momen, Rashedur Rahman Tanvir, Bitopi Biswas, Mosammat Nilufar Yasmin, Tariful Alam Khan, and M. Robiul Islam. 2024. “Morphological and physiological responses of maize to varying nitrogen sources and stress levels in hydroponic systems: a comparative study” Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 57, no. 3: 385-401.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573143

ABSTRACT

This study investigates environmental sustainability and growth trends in Nigeria over a 30-year period (1991–2020), focusing on key indicators such as agriculture value added, forest area, employment in agriculture, employment in industry, and renewable energy consumption. Time series analysis reveals a linear increase in deforested land and agricultural expansion, alongside a decline in agricultural employment, which stabilised around 2013. Employment in the industry showed a dip until 2011, then increased steadily. Gender-disaggregated data highlights a notable disparity in agricultural employment, with significantly more males engaged compared to females. Using regression analysis with leaps, autoregressive distributed lag models, and Granger causality tests, the study identifies strong associations between deforested land and predictor variables such as agricultural land percentage, employment in industry, and renewable energy consumption. The results show that these variables significantly predict deforestation. Interestingly, a significant negative association was found between employment in agriculture and deforestation, although causality tests indicated no significant causation, suggesting a nuanced relationship influenced by factors like land-use conflicts and climate change. These findings highlight the nexus between socio-economic factors and environmental outcomes, emphasising the need for targeted policies to address deforestation, promote sustainable land management, and reduce gender disparities in agriculture. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to foster sustainable development and inclusive economic growth in Nigeria and across Africa.

Keywords:

agricultural land-use change; deforestation; economic development; environmental sustainability; renewable energy; time series analysis.

CITE

ALSE and ACS Style
Olunusi, B.O. Assessing the impact of agricultural practices on environmental sustainability in Nigeria. Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 2024, 57, 403-420.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573144

AMA Style
Olunusi, B.O. Assessing the impact of agricultural practices on environmental sustainability in Nigeria. Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment. 2024; 57 (3): 403-420.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573144

Chicago/Turabian Style
Olunusi, Bright Oluwatomilola. 2024. “Assessing the impact of agricultural practices on environmental sustainability in Nigeria” Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 57, no. 3: 403-420.
https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-573144